[latex] frac{1}{f}= frac{1}{x}+ frac{1}{y} \\ frac{1}{y}= frac{1}{f}- frac{1}{x} \\ frac{1}{y}= frac{x-f}{fx}\\ y= frac{fx}{x-f} \\ [/latex] Oznaczmy wysokość przedmiotu jako a. Wtedy: [latex]p-powiekszenie\ p= frac{y}{x}= frac{h}{a} implies ya=hx \\ \ egin{cases} frac{fx_1}{x_1-f}cdot a=h_1cdot x_1\frac{fx_2}{x_2-f}cdot a=h_2cdot x_2 end{cases}\\ dzielimy stronami\\ frac{fx_1}{x_1-f}cdot frac{x_2-f}{fx_2}= frac{h_1}{h_2}\\ frac{x_1}{x_1-f}cdot frac{x_2-f}{x_2}= frac{h_1}{h_2}\\ frac{x_1(x_2-f)}{x_2(x_1-f)}= frac{h_1}{h_2}\\[/latex] [latex]x_1h_2(x_2-f)=x_2h_1(x_1-f)\ x_1h_2x_2-x_1h_2f=x_2h_1x_1-x_2h_1f\ x_1h_2f-x_2h_1f=x_1h_2x_2-x_2h_1x_1\ f(x_1h_2-x_2h_1)=x_1x_2(h_2-h_1)\\ f= frac{x_1x_2(h_2-h_1)}{x_1h_2-x_2h_1}\\ fapprox 243,8cm[/latex]
[latex]dane:\x_1 = 6,05 m = 605 cm\h_1 = 2 cm\x_2 = 4,05 m = 405 cm\h_2 = 3 cm\szukane:\f = ?[/latex] [latex]p =frac{y}{x} = frac{h_{o}}{h_{p}}\\p_1 = frac{y_1}{x_1}=frac{h_1}{h}\y_1 = frac{x_1h_1}{h}\\p_2 =frac{y_2}{x_2}=frac{h_2}{h}\y_2 = frac{x_2h_2}{h}[/latex] [latex]frac{1}f} = frac{1}{x}+frac{1}{y}\\frac{1}{f} = frac{1}{x_1}+frac{h}{x_1h_1}\i\frac{1}{f}=frac{1}{x_2}+frac{h}{x_2h_2}\\frac{1}{x_1}+frac{h}{x_1h_1} =frac{1}{x_2}+frac{h}{x_2h_2}\\frac{h_1+h}{x_1h_1} = frac{h_2+h}{x_2h_2}\\x_2h_2(h_1+h) = x_1h_1(h_2+h)\\x_2h_1h_2+hx_2h_2=x_1h_1h_2 + hx_1h_1\\hx_2h_2-hx_1h_1 = x_1h_1h_2 - x_2h_1h_2[/latex] [latex]h(x_2h_2-x_1h_1) = h_1h_2(x_1-x_2)\\h = frac{h_1h_2(x_1-x_2)}{x_2h_2-x_1h_1}=frac{2*3(605-405)}{3*405-2*605} cm=frac{1200}{5} cm=240 cm[/latex] [latex]y_2 = frac{x_2h_2}{h} = frac{405*2}{240} cm = 5,0625 cm[/latex] [latex]frac{1}{f} = frac{1}{x_2}+frac{1}{y_2}\\frac{1}{f} = frac{x_2+y_2}{x_2y_2}\\f = frac{x_2y_2}{x_2+y_2} =frac{405cm*5,0625cm}{405cm+5,0625cm} = frac{2050,3125cm^{2}}{410,0625cm}\\f = 5 cm[/latex]