a) x² = x x² - x = 0 x(x - 1) = 0 x = 0 ∨ x-1 = 0 x = 0 ∨ x = 1 b) 12x² + 9 = 0 12x² = -9 Sprzeczność {żadna liczba podniesiona do kwadratu nie da ujemnego wyniku} x∈∅ c) [latex]frac34x^2-6x=0qquad /cdotfrac43\\ x^2-8x=0\\x(x-8)=0\\x=0quadveequad x-8=0\\x=0quadveequad x=8[/latex] d) 16x² - 9 = 0 (4x)² - 3² = 0 (4x - 3)(4x + 3) = 0 4x - 3 = 0 ∨ 4x + 3 = 0 4x = 3 /:4 ∨ 4x = -3 /:4 x = ³/₄ ∨ x = - ³/₄ e) [latex]frac49x^2-1=0qquad/cdotfrac94\\x^2-frac94=0\\x^2-(frac32)^2=0\\(x+frac23)(x-frac32)=0\\x+frac32=0quadveequad x-frac32=0\\x=-frac32qquadveequad x=frac32[/latex] f) 49 = 144x² 49 - 144x² = 0 7² - (12x)² = 0 (7+12x)(7-12x)=0 7+12x = 0 ∨ 7 - 12x = 0 12x = -7 /:12 ∨ -12x = -7 /:(-12) x = - ⁷/₁₂ ∨ x = ⁷/₁₂
36. a) x² = x x² - x = 0 x(x - 1) = 0 x = 0 ∨ x - 1 = 0 x = 0 ∨ x = 1 x ∈ {0,1} b) 12x² + 9 = 0 12x² ≠ - 9, sprzecznośc, brak rozw. c) ³/₄ x² - 6x = 0 |·4 3x² - 24x = 0 /:3 x² - 8x = 0 x(x - 8) = 0 x = 0 ∨ x - 8 = 0 x = 0 ∨ x = 8 x ∈ {0,8} d) 16x² - 9 = 0 (4x + 3)(4x - 3) = 0 4x + 3 = 0 ∨ 4x = 3 x = - 3/4 ∨ x = 3/4 x ∈ {- 3/4; 3/4} e) ⁴/₉ x² - 1 = 0 |·9 4x² - 9 = 0 (2x + 3)(2x - 3) = 0 2x + 3 = 0 ∨ 2x - 3 = 0 2x = -3 2x = 3 x = -3/2 ∨ x = 3/2 x ∈ {-3/2; 3/2} f) 49 = 144x² 144x² - 49 = 0 (12x + 7)(12x - 7) = 0 12x + 7 = 0 ∨ 12x - 7 = 0 12x = -7 ∨ 12x = 7 x = -7/12 ∨ x = 7/12 x ∈ {-7/12; 7/12}