A. [latex]x^{4} - 25x^{2} = 0 [/latex] [latex]x^{2}(x^{2} - 25)=0[/latex] [latex]x^{2} = 0 [/latex] lub [latex] x^{2}-25=0 [/latex] [latex]x = 0[/latex] lub [latex] x^{2} = 25 [/latex] [latex] Odp.: x_{1}=0, x_{2}=5, x_{3}=-5[/latex] B. [latex] x^{3} + 8x = 0 [/latex] [latex]x(x^{2}+8) = 0 [/latex] [latex]x = 0[/latex] lub [latex] x^{2} + 8 = 0 [/latex] [latex] x^{2} = -8 [/latex] Sprzeczność [latex]Odp. x = 0[/latex] C. [latex] x^{3} - 4x^{2}-5x = 0 [/latex] [latex] x(x^{2} - 4x - 5) = 0 [/latex] [latex] x_{1} = 0 [/latex] lub [latex] x^{2} - 4x - 5 = 0 [/latex] [latex] delta = 16 + 20 = 36 [/latex] [latex] sqrt{delta} = 6 [/latex] [latex] x_{2} = frac{4-6}{2} = -1 [/latex] [latex] x_{3} = frac{4+6}{2} = 5 [/latex] [latex]Odp.: x_{1}=0, x_{2} = -1, x_{3} = 5[/latex] D. [latex]x^{4}+4x^{3}-21x^{2} = 0[/latex] [latex]x^{2}(x^{2}+4x-21)=0[/latex] [latex]x^{2}=0 [/latex] lub [latex] x^{2} + 4x - 21 = 0[/latex] [latex]x_{1} = 0 [/latex] [latex] delta = 16 + 84 = 100 [/latex] [latex] sqrt{delta} = 10 [/latex] [latex] x_{2} = frac{-4-10}{2} = -7 [/latex] [latex]x_{3} = frac{-4+10}{2} = 3 [/latex] [latex]Odp.: x_{1} = 0, x_{2} = -7, x_{3} = 3[/latex]
a) x⁴ - 25x² = 0 x²(x² - 25) = 0 x²(x + 5)(x - 5) = 0 x² = 0 v x + 5 = 0 v x - 5 = 0 x = 0 v x = -5 v x = 5 x ∈ {-5,0,5} b) x³ + 8x = 0 x(x² + 8) = 0 x = 0 v x² + 9 = 0 x = 0 v x² = -9, sprzeczność, brak pierwiastków x² ≠ -9 x = 0 c) x³ - 4x² - 5x = 0 x(x² - 4x - 5) = 0 x(x² - 5x + x - 5) = 0 x[x(x - 5) + (x - 5)] = 0 x(x + 1)(x - 5) = 0 x = 0 v x + 1 = 0 v x - 5 = 0 x = 0 v x = -1 v x = 5 x ∈ {-1,0,5} d) x⁴ + 4x³ - 21x² = 0 x²(x² + 4x - 21) = 0 x²(x² - 3x + 7x - 21) = 0 x²[x(x - 3) + 7(x - 3)] = 0 x²(x + 7)(x - 3) = 0 x² = 0 v x + 7 = 0 v x - 3 = 0 x = 0 v x = -7 v x = 3 x ∈ {-7,0,3}